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Minimally invasive & endoscopic spine surgery · Bryan–College Station

Advanced spine surgery,
smaller footprint.

The least-invasive path to relief.

A Texas A&M-trained biomedical engineer turned spine surgeon, bringing endoscopic and minimally invasive care home to the Brazos Valley — providing advanced treatment without the drive to Houston or Austin.

Conservative care first — surgery only when it’s truly the right step.

Dr. Jacob Heiner, MD
The idea, in one sentence

Advanced, minimally invasive spine care that does the least to fix the most — so you can get back to your life faster, close to home.

Who I am

An engineer’s precision, a small-town Texan’s plain talk.

I grew up in Salado, Texas, in a family of Aggie accountants — until a high-school math teacher’s nudge toward engineering set me on a different path. I earned my degree in biomedical engineering at Texas A&M, where I learned to see the body as a structure built to move.

The engineer’s lens. My senior capstone tackled a problem in fetal surgery — sealing the tiny opening left after a keyhole operation on a baby still in the womb. Years later, the instinct is the same on spines: solve the problem through the smallest possible opening. It’s the through-line of how I think — the smallest, least-destructive thing that does the job.

I earned my MD at McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, was inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society, and completed my orthopaedic surgery residency at Memorial Hermann in the Texas Medical Center — one of the country’s busiest Level I trauma centers. A spine fellowship at Vanderbilt focused me on endoscopic and minimally invasive techniques that preserve the spine’s natural motion.

In 2026 I came home to Central Texas to bring that advanced care to the Brazos Valley.

Read my full story

I grew up in Salado, Texas, in a family of Aggie accountants. I assumed I’d follow that path — until a high-school math teacher pointed me toward engineering instead. At Texas A&M I studied biomedical engineering, drawn to the idea that the body is a machine you can understand: stress, strain, and how a structure is built to move.

That fascination became a calling when my senior capstone matched me with a surgeon who operates on babies before birth. We designed a device to seal the tiny opening left behind after that keyhole surgery — and something clicked: the least-destructive path to a fix wasn’t a compromise, it was the goal.

I earned my MD at McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston and was inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society. I trained in orthopaedic surgery at Memorial Hermann in the Texas Medical Center — one of the country’s busiest Level I trauma centers — long days, the hardest moments of people’s lives, and the kind of volume that teaches you to stay calm and decide well.

Spine surgery drew me in because it had everything: fine technical work, real engineering, and the chance to take someone who is miserable and give them their life back. I chose Vanderbilt for my fellowship specifically to learn endoscopic and minimally invasive technique — and motion preservation — from surgeons who had rebuilt how they operate around doing less harm.

Coming home to the Brazos Valley was the plan all along. The goal is simple: bring this advanced, motion-preserving care close to home, so my neighbors don’t have to potentially travel to Houston or Austin for advanced techniques — and, in time, to help teach the next generation of Aggie engineers and physicians.

Dr. Jacob Heiner, MD

Dr. Jacob Heiner, MD

Orthopaedic Spine Surgeon
  • Texas A&M University — B.S. Biomedical Engineering, magna cum laude
  • McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Houston — MD, Alpha Omega Alpha
  • UTHealth Houston — Orthopaedic Surgery Residency (Memorial Hermann, Level I trauma)
  • Vanderbilt University Medical Center — Orthopaedic Spine Fellowship (Level I trauma)
  • Central Texas Sports Medicine & Orthopaedics — Bryan–College Station
The more structure you remove from a spine, the more it has to compensate — and the sooner it wears out. My job is to fix the problem while removing as little of your spine as the fix allows.
Dr. Jacob Heiner, MD Dr. Jacob Heiner, MDOrthopaedic Spine Surgeon
What I do

Modern technique, chosen for your problem — not the other way around.

My two main services share one idea: solve the problem with the smallest operation that works, and disturb as little of your spine as the fix requires.

Primary focus

Minimally invasive & endoscopic spine surgery

Ultra-minimally invasive (endoscopic) techniques work through the smallest possible openings — meaning less muscle and ligament damage, less post-op pain, less reliance on opioids, and a faster return to your life.

  • Endoscopic discectomy Removing a herniated disc fragment through a tiny opening
  • Minimally invasive decompression / laminectomy Relieving pressure on pinched nerves
  • Minimally invasive fusion Only when it’s truly necessary
Primary focus

Motion preservation

Where it’s the right fit, motion-preserving options like cervical disc replacement treat the problem while keeping your spine moving — avoiding the extra stress and future wear that fusion can put on the rest of your back.

  • Cervical disc replacement (arthroplasty) Treating a worn neck disc while keeping it moving
  • Motion-sparing decompression Avoiding fusion whenever the problem allows
Procedures I perform

I operate across the neck, mid-back, and lower back — favoring endoscopic, minimally invasive, and outpatient techniques wherever they fit the problem.

Neck (cervical)

  • Cervical disc replacement
  • Endoscopic posterior cervical foraminotomy
  • Anterior cervical discectomy & fusion (ACDF)
  • Anterior cervical corpectomy
  • Posterior cervical laminectomy & fusion
  • Posterior cervical laminoplasty

Mid-back (thoracic)

  • Endoscopic thoracic discectomy

Lower back (lumbar)

  • Endoscopic discectomy interlaminar & transforaminal
  • Endoscopic decompression ULBD & lateral recess
  • Endoscopic medial branch transection for facet pain
  • Minimally invasive TLIF
  • Anterior / lateral / oblique lumbar interbody fusion
  • Navigation-assisted percutaneous instrumentation
  • Pars fracture repair
Also offered
Targeted injections & diagnosticsIncluding diagnostic epidural steroid injections to pinpoint and calm the source of your pain.
Second opinionsA clear, honest read on whether surgery — or which surgery — is truly right for you.
Have you been told you need a fusion?

A motion-preserving alternative to spinal fusion.

Fusion is sometimes the right answer — but it permanently locks segments of your spine together, which puts more stress on the levels above and below and can wear them out over time. When your problem allows, I look for the option that preserves motion instead.

Is fusion ever necessary?

Yes. Some problems genuinely need it, and when that’s the case I’ll explain exactly why. The point isn’t to avoid fusion at all costs — it’s to avoid an unnecessary one.

What are the alternatives?

Depending on your anatomy and diagnosis: endoscopic or minimally invasive decompression, or motion-preserving options like cervical disc replacement. Not everyone is a candidate — we’ll confirm what fits you.

Is everyone a candidate for these alternatives?

No — and I’ll tell you straight if you’re not. Candidacy depends on your diagnosis, your anatomy, and what’s actually driving your pain. Some patients are better served by a different approach, and some by no surgery at all.

Is minimally invasive or endoscopic surgery safe?

These are established, well-studied techniques. Every surgery carries risks, and I’ll walk through yours honestly — but working through smaller openings generally means less blood loss, less tissue trauma, and less strain on your body.

What does recovery look like?

Because the openings are small and less muscle is disturbed, recovery is generally quicker and more comfortable than traditional open surgery, and many minimally invasive procedures can be done on an outpatient basis. At your visit I’ll give you a clear, specific picture for your procedure.

Which option fits which patient?

Endoscopic / minimally invasive decompression usually fits when a specific problem — a herniated fragment or a focal area of narrowing — is pressing on a nerve, and the main complaint is arm or leg pain along that nerve, with the spine otherwise stable. Cervical disc replacement fits when a worn or herniated disc in the neck is the problem, usually at one or two levels, with the surrounding bone and joints still in good shape — fixing the disc while keeping the neck moving. Fusion is the right call when the segment is actually unstable or deformed, or when the pain comes from the motion itself. Every spine is different, so we’ll confirm what fits you with your imaging and exam.

How do I find out which I need?

Start with a consult or a second opinion. I’ll review your imaging with you and lay out every option in plain language — including the option of not operating at all.

Conditions I treat

The everyday wear-and-tear problems of the spine.

I focus on adult degenerative spine conditions across the neck (cervical), mid-back (thoracic), and lower back (lumbar). Complex deformity is referred to a higher-acuity center, so you’re always in the right hands.

Spinal stenosisNarrowing that pinches nerves

Over time the spinal canal can narrow and crowd the nerves, causing leg pain, numbness, or heaviness that’s often worse with standing or walking. We start with conservative care; when surgery is warranted, a minimally invasive decompression can relieve the pressure, removing only what’s needed to free the nerve.

SpondylolisthesisA vertebra that has slipped

One vertebra can slip forward over the one below it, sometimes narrowing the canal and pinching nerves. Treatment ranges from therapy and targeted decompression to a fusion when the segment is truly unstable.

Disc herniationsA slipped or ruptured disc

The soft cushion between two vertebrae can bulge or rupture and press on a nerve, causing pain that radiates into an arm or leg. Most herniations improve without surgery — and when an operation is the right call, an endoscopic discectomy can remove the fragment through a tiny opening.

RadiculopathyPinched-nerve pain down an arm or leg

Radiculopathy is the pain, tingling, or weakness that follows a pinched nerve’s path — what’s often called sciatica when it runs down the leg. It frequently calms with time, therapy, or a targeted injection; surgery is considered for symptoms that persist or progress.

MyelopathyPressure on the spinal cord itself

When the spinal cord — most often in the neck — is compressed, it can cause clumsiness in the hands, balance or walking changes, and other neurologic symptoms. Because myelopathy can be progressive, it’s important to evaluate promptly; surgery is aimed at taking the pressure off the cord.

Facet-mediated back painPain from the spine’s small joints

The facet joints that link the vertebrae can wear and become a direct source of back or neck pain. When the facets are confirmed as the source, treatment can target those specific nerves to quiet the pain.

Pars fracturesA stress fracture in the spine

A break in a small bridge of bone called the pars — often from repetitive stress, especially in younger athletes — can cause persistent back pain. Many heal with rest and therapy; when they don’t, a targeted pars repair can address the break directly.

Spinal fracturesA broken vertebra

A vertebra can fracture from an injury or from bone weakened by osteoporosis. Treatment depends on how stable the fracture is and whether nerves are involved — ranging from bracing to a stabilizing procedure.

How I work

We start with the least-invasive thing that can work — and only move forward when it’s truly the right step.

Here’s the path most patients follow with me.

Step 01

Conservative care first

Physical therapy and core strengthening are the gold-standard starting point, often alongside activity changes and anti-inflammatories. Many people get the relief they need right here and never go further.

Step 02

Targeted injections

When the pain source needs confirming or calming, targeted injections — including diagnostic epidural steroid injections — help pinpoint exactly which nerve is involved and buy time for healing.

Step 03

Surgery only when indicated

We consider surgery for nerve compression, progressive weakness, or pain that hasn’t responded to non-operative care — decided together, after I’ve reviewed your imaging with you and walked through every option.

Step 04

The smallest operation that fits

When surgery is right, we choose the least-invasive option for your case — endoscopic, minimally invasive, or motion-preserving — and remove only what’s necessary to fix the problem.

Most patients never reach Step 3.

When to seek care right away: sudden or worsening weakness, numbness in the groin, or loss of bladder or bowel control can signal an emergency. Don’t wait for an appointment — seek emergency care or call 911.

What you can expect

You’ll be heard, and you’ll understand every option.

Plain language

I’ll often print your imaging — X-rays, MRI, CT — and circle the problem with you. Advanced technique, explained in words you can feel — not jargon you have to endure.

Honest tradeoffs

Clear options and straight answers, no hype. If conservative care is the right call, I’ll say so. If surgery is, I’ll explain exactly why.

The right treatment, every time

If I had your exact problem, I’d want the least-invasive treatment that gets relief and protects the rest of my spine. That’s what I offer every patient.

Before your first visit

A little prep helps us make the most of your time together:

  • New-patient paperwork — the practice will provide the current new-patient forms (including any downloadable PDF once available). Complete what you can before you arrive, especially the pain diagram and descriptors; a picture is worth a thousand words. If you can't finish beforehand, you'll get the forms at check-in.
  • Any recent spine imaging — MRI, CT, or X-ray. The actual images are necessary for me to review, because sometimes a report doesn’t tell the whole story.
  • A list of what you’ve already tried — physical therapy, medications, and any injections.
  • If you’ve had injections, bring detailsLocation (e.g., L4–5, L5–S1); Approach (transforaminal, interlaminar, medial branch block/ablation); Relief (percent relief and for how long — none, immediately after the injection only, one week, two weeks, one month, etc.). Also bring results of an electromyography / nerve conduction study (EMG/NCS) if applicable.
  • Your current medication list, including blood thinners
  • Your insurance card and any referral your plan requires
  • Your questions — write them down so nothing gets missed
For referring physicians

Send me your spine patients — they stay in the Brazos Valley, and they come back to you.

I’m the surgical anchor at the end of a conservative-first pathway, not a replacement for it. I’ll triage quickly, exhaust non-operative care, and reserve surgery for clear indications.

Fast triage

I review new referrals quickly, and a team of primary-care sports-medicine physicians helps guide patients to the right step at the right time.

Conservative-first

PT, core strengthening, and targeted injections come before any surgical conversation. Surgery is reserved for neurologic deficits, progressive decline, or failed non-operative care.

Returned, better

I keep you in the loop and send your patient back to you after care — local spine expertise without losing the relationship you’ve built.

How to refer a patient

Call (979) 776-0169  ·  Fax records to (979) 776-1372  ·  Email info@centexsportsmedicine.com

It helps to include recent imaging (MRI/CT), relevant clinic notes, and the conservative care already tried. Referrals and second opinions route straight to me — I triage quickly and keep you updated on your patient’s course.

What I handle: degenerative cervical, lumbar, and thoracic conditions. What I typically refer out: complex deformity. Some conditions in the realm of infection, tumor, and trauma may need to be referred out on a case-by-case basis.

Contact

Ready to talk through your spine?

I see patients through Central Texas Sports Medicine & Orthopaedics — referrals and second opinions come straight to me.

Schedule your visit

Scheduling is handled by the practice’s team. Go straight to them to request a visit or a second opinion.

Request an appointment at the practice →

Call

(979) 776-0169 · fax (979) 776-1372

Practice

Central Texas Sports Medicine & Orthopaedics
3121 University Dr. E., Suite 100
Bryan, TX 77802
Get directions →

Hours

Mon–Thu 8 a.m.–5 p.m.
Fri 8 a.m.–3 p.m.
Closed 12–1 p.m. for lunch

Advanced spine care, close to home.

Schedule a consult, or send a referral or second opinion — they come straight to me.

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